الكاتب: Multiple References

Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) were – and in many countries are still – continually included in animal diets in sub-therapeutic concentrations in order to achieve better feed conversion and higher growth rates by reducing the activity of the microbiota in the digestive tract. However, the routine use of AGPs in animal diets was associated with the development of bacterial resistance towards several antibiotic substances. While scientists continue their research on the actual impact of the extensive use of AGPs in animal feeds on microbial resistance in humans, consumers are becoming increasingly aware of the negative effects of the so-called “superbugs” (bacteria highly resistant to antibiotics). A complete ban of AGPs was implemented in Europe in 2006 as a consequence of growing public concern. In the meantime, the ban of AGPs has become a worldwide trend where many countries outside the European Union are on their way towards restricting or banning the use of AGPs in animal feed. However, solutions are not only sought to replace AGPs in animal feeds, but also to reduce the overall use of veterinary antibiotics in animal agriculture. Thus, current research is directed towards measures to help animals maintain good health and reach their growth potential. The feed industry has recognized the potential of plant-derived substances for different animal species in the last few years. Phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) referring to essential oils, spices, herbs or plant extracts, combine bioactive ingredients and flavouring substances. Hence they are categorised as ‘sensory additives’ according to European legislation. PFAs improve growth rate, nutrient digestibility and gut health in animals. These properties of PFAs project them as a suitable alternative to AGPs in animal production.