الكاتب: Multiple References

Spectinomycin is a bacteriostatic aminocyclitol antibiotic prescribed in veterinary medicine for the treatment of respiratory and enteric bacterial infections (Burrows, 1980; Holloway, 1982; Jeff et al., 2002). It has broad spectrum activity against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria (e.g. Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia coli), facultative anaerobes (e.g. Actinomyces bovis) (Bakker, 1992; Guerin-Faublee et al., 1993; Schwarz et al., 2004) and against different species of Mycoplasma (Bakker, 1992; Burrows et al., 1993; Jordan et al., 1998). The successful therapeutic use of spectinomycin requires knowledge of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD). For this purpose, the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC), the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the time to reach Cmax (tmax) are the major useful PK parameters, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the most useful PD parameter. Spectinomycin is considered to be a bacteriostatic antibiotic. However, there are no published data to demonstrate if spectinomycin is a concentration-dependent, time-dependent or co-dependent antibiotic. Nevertheless, the efficacy of bacteriostatic antibiotics is considered to be correlated with the time that concentrations are one to five times above the MIC (time >MIC) of the susceptible micro-organisms (Burrows, 1980; Holloway, 1982; Jeff et al., 2002).