Pharmacokinetics and milk penetration of difloxacin after intravenous, subcutaneous and intramuscular administration to lactating goats

كتاب Pharmacokinetics and milk penetration of difloxacin after intravenous, subcutaneous and intramuscular administration to lactating goats


الكاتب: Multiple References

The single-dose disposition kinetics of difloxacin were determined in clinically normal lactating goats (n ¼ 6) after intravenous (i.v.), subcutaneous (s.c.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administration of 5 mg/kg. Difloxacin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The concentration–time data were analysed by compartmental and noncompartmental kinetic methods. Steady-state volume of distribution (Vss) and total body clearance (Cl) of difloxacin after i.v. administration were estimated to be 1.16 ± 0.26 L/kg and 0.32 ± 0.05 L/hÆkg respectively. Following s.c. and i.m. administration difloxacin achieved maximum plasma concentrations of 1.33 ± 0.25 and 1.97 ± 0.40 mg/L at 3.37 ± 0.36 and 1.79 ± 1.14 h respectively. The absolute bioavailabilities after s.c. and i.m. routes were 90.16 ± 11.99% and 106.79 ± 13.95% respectively. Difloxacin penetration from the blood into the milk was extensive and rapid, and the drug was detected for 36 h after i.v. and s.c. dosing, and for 72 h after i.m. administration.



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